Types of Over the Counter ADHD Medication
Medications treat ADHD by targeting brain chemicals that affect attention and impulse control. The drugs are available in a variety of forms, including tablets that can either be swallowed or chewed as well as patches and liquids.
Stimulants, including methylphenidate (brand names Ritalin and Concerta) stimulate activity in parts of the brain responsible for attention. There are also long-acting versions these medications that release drugs continuously throughout the day, helping to minimize symptoms.
Non-stimulant medicines
Many people take medications to boost their attention and control of impulses. These drugs are addictive, but they are the most efficient. If your doctor thinks that stimulants don't work or cause unpleasant negative side effects, they might recommend switching to non-stimulant medication. These medications take longer to work but they can help alleviate symptoms. They can also be effective in combination with other treatment options.
Stimulants and non-stimulant medications are the two main categories of ADHD medications. The stimulants most commonly used to treat ADHD are methylphenidate and amphetamines. There are a variety of versions of these drugs that include immediate-release and long-acting versions. Instant-release stimulants are used whenever needed, and are usually taken at the beginning of the day. Long-acting stimulants can be taken each morning and typically last between six and 16 hours. Most people who use these drugs mix long-acting medication with immediate-release medication in order to control their symptoms throughout the day.
There are two types of non-stimulant medications used to treat ADHD such as norepinephrine modulators and alpha agonists. Moderators of norepinephrine include atomoxetine (Stattera) and guanfacine, (Tenex or Intuniv). The alpha agonists used to treat ADHD are clonidine (Catapres Kapvay, Catapres) and Guanfacine (Tenex, intuniv). Teenagers with substance abuse issues or addiction to drugs could be at risk of being affected by stimulant drugs. Non-stimulant medications could be a viable alternative for this particular group since it doesn't have the same addiction potential or side consequences.
Many people find that their initial ADHD medication isn't working or has undesirable side effects. It's crucial to consult your doctor and test different medications if you need to. Your doctor can tell whether the medication you're taking is working by checking for specific side-effects like heart rate changes as well as ringing in your ears or a change to your blood pressure. adhd depression medication 's also a good idea to discuss any other supplements or medications you or your child is taking in addition to prescription or over-the-counter.
Antidepressants
Stimulant drugs are the most common kind of treatment for ADHD. They activate the central nervous system, thereby increasing alertness and decreasing distraction. They can also boost concentration, and they have the added benefit of helping people to feel more at ease with their emotions and behaviors. These medications are typically well-tolerated by most people, but side effects do exist. Some individuals experience a loss of appetite or drowsiness while others develop an increased heartbeat or insomnia. People with an underlying history of bipolar or depression disorder are more at risk of developing psychosis when taking stimulant medication.
Certain stimulant medications can make people feel aggressive or angry, particularly when they first begin to take the medication. If these symptoms persist, patients should consult their physician to alter the dosage or try an alternative medication. The stimulants can also raise blood pressure, and higher doses of the drug may lead to seizures in some individuals. The medications can also affect sexual function, with some people experiencing delayed ejaculation and decreased desire to have sexual intimacy.
Additionally, certain antidepressants can increase the activity of certain neurotransmitters, like serotonin, and these drugs can interfere with the effectiveness of certain ADHD medications. This can result in the loss of effectiveness, which is why it's crucial that people with both conditions discuss their medication requirements with their physician.
Many adults and children with ADHD are also suffering from depression or anxiety and these conditions may affect certain ADHD medications. Those with both ailments should be open to discussion with their physician as they may be able to find a medication that addresses all of their symptoms.
Antidepressants are well-tolerated by adolescents and teens, but suicidal thoughts should be monitored closely. If your thoughts of suicide are intense or persistent, seek medical attention immediately. This can be done by dialing 911 or by contacting the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255.
Some antidepressants can increase feelings of anxiety, guilt and hopelessness. This is especially true for tricyclics such as imipramine, Tofranil and nortriptyline, (Aventyl or Pamelor). These medications are usually prescribed off-label to treat ADHD but they can be helpful in treating ADHD when other treatments have not worked.
Blood pressure medication
The use of medications that lower blood pressure can aid in controlling symptoms of ADHD which include sleep issues and aggression. Clonidine (Catapres) and long-acting guanfacine (Intuniv) and Atomoxetine (Atomoxetine) belong to a class of drugs called alpha agonists, which are approved to treat high blood pressure but have been used "off label" for a number of years to treat ADHD. These medications can reduce tics as well as improve sleep and attentiveness. They can also lower heart rate and blood-pressure, making them safer than stimulants.
It's not known if these medications affect the long-term development of brain cells in children and teenagers. Researchers also don't know whether they will have a long-lasting impact on heart-related problems in these people, and certain experts are cautious about their use. These medications may also increase the risk of seizures in some individuals. The American Heart Association recommends that those who have a history of stroke, heart disease or other cardiovascular problems have an evaluation of their heart before beginning the medication.
Stimulant ADHD medication can cause habit-forming and can cause a rise in heart rate and blood pressure. It can also have a negative impact on sleep and appetite. It's not safe for infants or children. It can also have negative effects on the brains of children, which could lead to drug abuse.
The FDA warns that teenagers and adults with ADHD who suffer from untreated depression or anxiety should not take stimulant drugs. These people need to seek psychosocial therapy. This involves behavioral therapy that helps develop positive coping skills and assists in improve social interactions.
The majority of prescription ADHD medicines can cause adverse effects, including headaches, stomach upset and trouble sleeping. If the adverse effects are severe the doctor may reduce your dose or switch you to a different medication. If you notice any serious side effects like heart palpitations or hallucinations, call your doctor right away.
The over-the-counter medicines and supplements aren't helpful for treating ADHD even though they claim to do so. A lot of vitamins and supplements have no scientific basis, and some may interact with certain medications. Discuss with your doctor all supplements and medicines you take including those that are over-the-counter.
Other medication
Most clinical guidelines recommend stimulant drugs as the first option for treatment for ADHD. Non-stimulant medications are equally effective in certain instances. Atomoxetine (Strattera) and viloxazine (Qelbree) are FDA-approved nonstimulant ADHD medications, and clonidine ER and guanfacine ER can be prescribed to children between the ages of 6 and 17. These drugs boost certain brain chemicals that enhance attention span, working memory, and control of impulses.
Many doctors prescribe additional medications to treat ADHD in addition to these medications. Usually, these are antidepressants or other medications that alter brain chemical. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is an antidepressant which can help people with ADHD and tetrahydrozoline-methylphenidate (Adderall XR) is another stimulant medication frequently prescribed off-label to treat the condition.
These medications are available in capsules, liquids, patches, or tablets. It is important to read the label carefully to ensure that you or your child is taking the right dosage. Also, be sure to inform your doctor about any other drugs or supplements you use, including prescription drugs and herbal remedies. Some can interact with ADHD medication and cause unwanted side effects.
Natural remedies for ADHD may help some people, but they don't have the same scientific support as the medications that have been approved by the FDA. For example, the herb DMAA (1,3-dimethylamylamine) is sometimes sold as an over-the-counter ADHD treatment, but the FDA warns that it can increase blood pressure and heart rate, which can lead to serious health problems. St. John's Wort is another herbal supplement some people suggest for ADHD. However the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health states that there isn't enough evidence to support its effectiveness.
Over-the-counter ADHD medications aren't a substitute for medical care. If you or your child has symptoms of the disorder, speak to your doctor about these medications. If you decide that prescription medicine is right for you or your child, ask your doctor about the best treatment options. He or she will take into consideration your family's lifestyle, as well as any other medications you or your child are taking in addition to your medical history to find the best medication.